Topical microbicides are a broad class of agents designed to block or kill infectious microorganisms directly at the site of transmission. With the AIDS pandemic continuing its unrelenting global march (40 million current infections, 14,000 new infections per day) driven largely by sexual transmission, microbicides have moved steadily toward the front line of preventative strategies.
Indeed, many candidate anti-HIV microbicides are currently under development, with several already in clinical trials. A battery of promising protein-based HIV inhibitors can potentially be developed, but they face serious challenges of high production costs and instability during transport and storage.
In a recent issue of PNAS, Rao et al. presented an intriguing version of a “live microbicide” approach whereby a commensal bacterium is engineered to secrete a potent anti-HIV peptide. When administered orally or as a rectal suppository, the bacteria would colonize the gut mucosa and secrete the peptide in situ, thereby providing protection in advance of exposure hopefully for days, weeks, or even months. This delivery mode would be highly advantageous over others requiring repeated topical application before each act of intercourse; also, the engineered bacteria would be relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture, transport, and store.(An anti-HIV microbicide comes alive; Laurel A. Lagenaur and Edward A. Berger)
An antiretroviral microbicide gel can cut HIV infection in women by more than 50% if used consistently.
Most of the products tested previously as microbicides were either sulphated polysaccharides — which are intended to stop the virus from entering cells — or agents that prevent infection by killing either the virus or cells that carry it.
Qualities a microbicide should provides
For a microbicide to be successful there are a number of criteria that must be met.
Aside from efficacy, of utmost importance is safety. This was made clear during clinical trials investigating the use of the spermicide nonoxynol-9 as an HIV microbicide, in which the incidence of seroconversions was higher in women who used nonoxynol-9 multiple times each day when compared with those receiving placebo. Possible explanations for this finding include inflammatory cell recruitment to the genital tract and epithelial damage resulting from the local toxicity of nonoxynol-9.
Secondly, it is crucial that a microbicide is used correctly, so it must be easy to use, acceptable to the user, should not interfere with sexual intercourse, and should have an appropriate duration of action.
Thirdly, a microbicide should be stable at the high temperatures typically encountered in developing countries, because refrigerated storage is not feasible in those regions most in need of these products.
In addition, there are properties that although not crucial for a microbicide, would be very beneficial,
including activity against other sexually transmitted diseases and availability without prescription. Products should also be available with and without contraceptive properties, depending on the target population.(The Future of HIV Prevention: Prospects for an Effective Anti-HIV Microbicide; Jeremy Nuttall, BSc, MSc, Joseph Romano, PhD, Karen Douville, BAS, BSE, Caroline Galbreath, BSMT, Annale´ne Nel, MD, PhD, William Heyward, MD, MPH, Mark Mitchnick, MD, Saul Walker, BA, MA, Zeda Rosenberg, ScD)
Not quite seeing the vaginal safety.... Hmmmmm.... My ex did acquire the virus from a woman who used spermicide...the chemical chafed his penis and due to broken skin...Voila... He is positive... So, that being said... How is this chemical going to be safe for both the vagina and the penis? How will this chemical affect our body? I am interested in learning more...
ReplyDeleteHi Dona,
ReplyDeleteI guess what you have to consider is the ingredients of the microbicide, since not all of the microbicides have the same ingredients. You can refer to http://std-microbicide.blogspot.com/2012/02/some-of-microbicides-ingredients.html to learn about some of the ingredients.
Yes yes & yes many cancers & like diseases like HIV/AIDS, HSV/HERPES, and many organ related diseases are cured this days with herbal remedies & more herbal treatments are being discovered all the time. More anticancer & antiviral herbal drugs are in clinical trials this days than ever before and promising herbalist like Dr Utu all thanks to him. I do hear of many people he has helped cured their diseases using African natural Herbs & Roots. I'm Paul G. From Australia a father of four which include 3 girls and a boy. My boss is more than a father to me, he assist my family even financially. He completely lost himself when he was diagnosed of kidney stone & to make matter worst he started noticing his first outbreak. Ever since his kidney stone issues, he keep having herpes outbreak on any little fever. He's my boss and the only way I can pay him is to help his situation. At first I doubted Dr Utu, but in a case of life & death as this am left with only a choice. I contacted Dr Utu to give him a try. He sent herbal meds to my boss that completely flushed out the stone in his kidney. He completely cured my boss of kidney stone and herpes virus using African herbs. I also prescribed this herbal cure for a colleague with HIV and he was completely cured. Dr Utu is health future. Through me Dr Utu have completely cured; herpes, hiv, cancers, kidney stone. I think it pays to be good because you never know who might pay you back in future. So my knowledge on this is what I share. For the sick, trying herbal meds will tell you the different. Reach Dr Utu on his email; drutuherbalcure@gmail.com
ReplyDeleteMy name is Michelle. my 19 year old daughter, jane, was diagnosed of herpes 2 years ago. ever since then,we have been going from one hospital to the other. We tried all sorts of pills but all efforts to get rid of the virus was futile.
ReplyDeleteThe blisters kept on reappearing after some months. My daughter was making use of Acyclovir tablets 200mg. 2 tablets every 6hours and fusitin cream 15grams. and H5 POT. Permanganate with water to be applied 2x a day but all still show no result. So I was on the internet some months back, to sought for any other means of saving my only child. just then,i came across a comment on dr.ugo's herbal treatment and decided to give it a try. i contacted the doctor and he prepared some herbs and sent it to me together with guidelines on how to use the herbs. my daughter used it as directed and in less than 14days,my daughter regained her health.. You should contact Dr.Ugo today directly on his email address for any kind of health challenge you may have: ugoherbalhome@gmail.com..+2348104990619
It took almost one year for my first real outbreak but it was the hardest thing in the world to get along with. I felt so unwanted and dirty. I tried many formulas, suggestions, methods to get rid of it permanently. Booked appointment with many doctors, professionals, even religiously until I started getting away spiritually and still it won't go. The worst is my outbreaks occurs within short period and take as long as even weeks to go away. I was at last placed on antiviral treatment which is a good treatment but for how long? I prayed every four times a day for God to cure me miraculously or direct me to cure because I know there is. During outbreaks I thought it's the end of the world but it's not, with time I will become normal again. I started trying fruits and herbs, take herbal produced, and with time became very interested in herbs. I read blogs, websites, and comments on herbs and built a stronger hope. I saw comments and decided to try Dr Utu African Traditional Herbal meds. I know of one mr Brown who was HIV and now brags he was cured of HIV with Dr Utu traditional meds but never give it a thought because I believed HIV already has a cure and never think it through or make a research. And for herpes my doctor told me that there is no known cure. When I saw testimonies of his Herpes cure on sites. I copied his contact d r u t u h e r b a l c u r e @ g m a i l . c o m.
ReplyDeleteI showed it to brown who confirmed it was Dr Utu contact. I contacted him immediately and he also prepared and sent me herbal herpes meds through DHL. Right after getting this traditional meds I followed the prescription cautiously and withing days I started noticing rapid change and I know within me it's the cure. I used it for up to two weeks and when my test result was out not only did this herbal meds cure me but boost my immune and I feel real and free. Dr Utu African Traditional meds have successfully cured Herpes, Warts, HIV, Cancers, Kidney Stone, Asthma, most importantly this traditional meds boost immune and have no after effect.
I am deeply concerned about the still increase in population of people living with HSV, HIV, CANCERS, HEPATITIS, STROKES in our society today because of ignorance, to be Frank all this big names are grammars. I saw comments of people DR UTU helped get rid of their diseases, with the increase in population of people living with various diseases and myself as a beneficiary to DR UTU traditional cure I thought I too should reach the world via comment. Many People believed traditional herbs are so primitive and some are even shy to purchase it in public. Some went as far as trashing the legendary name of herbal medicine hiding its numerous advantages and let publicly it disadvantage and yet makes it look big, all this are just for pharmaceutical gain. All pharmaceutical cure are derived from existing traditional herbal cure from ages.
ReplyDeleteYes! I'm here to tell the world the actual FACT! which is; there is herbal cure for herpes, Ebola, HIV, cancers, hepatitis, ulcers, asthma, pile, diabetes and many big names of diseases. all my career I've lived my life believing and making research on this, till I confirmed it four years ago. Since four years ago and till today I still say yes! That among many real traditional herbalist Dr Nze Utu Njoku @ (drutuherbalcure) cures this diseases using African traditional herbs. After he cured me four years ago of genital herpes, ever since then I worked with him distance never a barrier, I'm a living witness to this. And I have directed both genital and oral herpes patients to him and they are permanently cured. I'm Ethan Oliver from Australia and also a herbal dealer and lover. I'm also a researcher on herbs for good health. Which also include Africa traditional herbal treatment, I support Herbal treatment, cure and vaccines. My view is based on my extensive research over a very long period of time, and my conclusion is, there is cure to all natural diseases including HSV, HIV, CANCERS, DIABETES, using the right medications with the right herbalist. Are you herpes positive and permanently want get rid of this disease or any of this big name diseases don't be scared to save yourself, contact Dr Utu for permanent herbal cure. Be bold and smart Don't be fooled by selfish people who say, cure is impossible.
Dr UTU e-mail , 'drutuherbalcure@gmail.com'
My boyfriend and I met three years ago on herpes dating site so we discovered we are +ve from the beginning of our relationship, that we both had genital herpes. My first outbreak was the ABSOLUTE worst experience, I was so sick. We suffered for one year plus, had constant outbreaks and then finally we decided to both respectively take Dr Utu African Traditional Herbs as advised by friends. His herb is Not much bitter or sour taste.
ReplyDeleteDosage two times daily every day for four weeks, and honest to goodness it was a miraculous herbs. We were on it for not more than two weeks when we noticed total change. 'couldn't wait for four weeks. It was third week and five days we used the herbs. Then we went for test and was already hsv2 negative, the both of us. Neither of us have had any lesion, outbreak or symptoms till date.
For traditional and permanent hsv cure, Contact him on drutuherbalcure@gmail.com or direct WhatsApp or phone +2347032718477